麻婆豆腐的步骤英文-麻婆豆腐烹饪方法简短介绍英文翻译
麻婆豆腐是很多人喜欢的一道 美食 ,麻辣豆腐已经有一百多年的 历史 了。是十大经典川菜之一,如今已经成为国际名菜。其麻、辣、鲜、嫩令人难以忘记,麻辣豆腐不仅味道让人着迷,而且它的营养也非常的丰富,主要含有维生素、钙、磷、铁以及碳水化合物等。小面就给大家说下麻婆豆腐的制作方法:
首先准备食材:嫩豆腐、猪肉末(没有现成的猪肉末,可以买一点猪肉剁成末)、豆瓣酱、盐、葱、姜、蒜、淀粉、花椒、老抽、鸡精、花椒粉、辣椒粉。
第一步:把嫩豆腐切成基本相同的小方块,然后在锅中倒入适量的水,把切好的嫩豆腐轻轻放在锅中焯水,在锅中可以放入少量的盐入味,大概煮1到2分钟就可以。然后捞出控水备用。
第二步:起锅烧油,油7成热倒入猪肉末,小火炒香,然后倒入葱、姜、蒜翻炒2分钟,在加入豆瓣酱、花椒、老抽、辣椒粉、老抽,大火炒香上色后,倒入适量的水。
第三步:倒入备用的豆腐,小火慢炖,并且缓慢搅拌,水开后,倒入适量的淀粉勾芡,边倒边缓慢搅拌,然后转大火煮5分钟,加入鸡精、花椒粉,煮一分钟就可以出锅装盘,最后撒上一些葱花就可以使用了。
一盘麻婆豆腐加上一碗米饭,简直是美极了,大家如果喜欢吃辣可以多放一点辣椒粉,绝对是麻辣鲜香,不知道大家喜欢不喜欢吃麻婆豆腐呢,我是非常喜欢的呢。
大家好,我是咖啡私房菜的小厨,我来回答这个问题。
麻婆豆腐是比较受欢迎的川菜之一,集麻、辣、鲜、香、嫩于一体,制作简单又非常美味下饭,一直以来深受青睐。要想做出这道麻辣鲜香嫩的 美食 ,针对网友的提问,咖啡先浅谈一下本菜的制作要点,解决了这些问题,一切都迎刃而解。
——为什么我根据制作步骤做出来的豆腐不入味?
这是因为在焯水环节没有入盐,豆腐一定要焯水,首先是因为豆腐含水量比较大,焯水后可以流失一部分水份令豆腐口感更加好。其次,豆腐是豆制品,带有豆腥味,焯水可以去除豆腥味儿。再者,焯水在水中放盐,既可以增强豆腐的韧性,又可以为豆腐增加咸味,鲜香入味的豆腐在焯水环节加盐煮这是重要的一步。
——豆腐焯水需要多长时间?
豆腐焯水需要3分钟左右,必须是中小火,南豆腐比较嫩,大火煮容易碎。焯过水的豆腐不要捞出来,泡在热水中,最后要入锅的时候再捞出来,这样做既可以防止豆腐粘连,又使豆腐始终保持热度,热透的豆腐口感是最好的。
——做麻婆豆腐选择什么样的豆腐?
做麻婆豆腐选择南豆腐,南豆腐的营养价值稍逊北豆腐,但是北豆腐的质地太硬,很难入味,在口感上不如南豆腐,内脂豆腐虽优于南豆腐的口感,但是它的营养价值很低,所以南豆腐是最佳选择。
——做麻婆豆腐一定要选择牛肉吗?
正宗的麻婆豆腐是用牛肉碎,但是做为家常烹制,也是可以选择猪肉碎的,牛肉碎的味道更佳。
下面咖啡和大家分享这道菜的做法,希望你们能喜欢。
麻婆豆腐
食材清单:南豆腐1块,郫县豆瓣酱1大汤匙,猪肉碎50克,小葱1根,白砂糖1克,花椒面0.5克,香油半汤匙,米酒1汤匙,淀粉5克,香醋少许,生抽半汤匙,蒜3瓣,油适量
制作步骤:
第一步:准备工作:南豆腐切方块,小葱切葱花,蒜切末,豆瓣酱剁碎。
第二步:豆腐入汤锅焯水,水中加点盐,焯水2-3分钟关火,不要取出,焯水可去除豆腥味儿,可以提高豆腐的韧性,并为豆腐码底味,不取出是为了保持豆腐的热度,并防止粘连。
第三步:炒锅入油,入猪肉碎炒至干香,这一步要把肉碎煸透,入豆瓣酱炒出红油,加入蒜米炒出香味,加入适量开水,按顺序加入米酒1汤匙,生抽半汤匙,白砂糖1克,倒入豆腐煮3分钟。
第四步:加入花椒面,淋上淀粉水,入香油和几滴香醋增香,出锅,本步要求动作快,花椒面在锅里久了会发乌黑。特别提示,香醋属于锅边醋只需几滴而己,不要放多了吃出酸味就失败了。
撒点葱花,开动吧,多焖些饭哦
自制川味麻婆豆腐,非常简单。
食材:豆腐、牛肉(猪肉,肥瘦相间的那种)、植物油、豆瓣酱、生粉、香油、生抽、辣椒面、花椒粉、葱姜蒜、盐巴
制作步骤:
1.将豆腐切块,放入锅中,然后加水,水能研磨豆腐一指节即可,然后撒入适量盐巴,这样做是为了让豆腐更入味。水煮开1分钟之后捞出豆腐过滤水分。
2.将肉剁成肉沫,稍微粗一点会比较好。肉沫里面添加一些葱姜蒜切成的末,这样肉会比较香。然后在加入一点豆瓣酱,和生粉(少量蛋清也可以),拌匀即可。
3.锅中倒入植物油,等油热之后加入葱姜蒜末炒香,在加入一勺子左右的豆瓣酱和辣椒粉,然后加入腌好的肉沫,翻炒至变色。
4.加入过滤好水分的豆腐,然后加入适量的水,大概到豆腐高度的一半就可以了。等它煮开,然后弄生粉兑水,融化之后,以画圈的方式均匀倒入,再用木勺子稍微搅拌,等待锅中汤汁浓稠即可起锅。
5.起锅后在表面撒上一些花椒面,最后添加葱花就可以准备开吃啦。
这个是我以前学校门口的小餐馆做的方式,后来我自己回家也是这样做的,很好吃。注意了豆腐选择不要选择太嫩的,就是亲亲一碰就烂的,不然的话即便是用木勺子轻轻拌也可能会烂。也不要选择太老的,不容易入味。
麻婆豆腐
烹饪时间 :30分钟
食材
水 30 毫升
姜 5 克
盐 5 克
免治猪肉 100 克
生抽 适量
植物油 10 毫升
蒜 3 瓣
生粉 20 克
糖 5 克
干辣椒 2 克
麻油 1 汤匙
豆瓣酱 1 克
花椒粉 5 克
香葱 5 克
嫩豆腐 1 盒
烹饪步骤
1、葱切成葱花,姜切碎,蒜切片,干辣椒切块
2、豆腐切成约1cm见方的小块
3、煮滚一锅水,加入豆腐出水1-2分钟,之后取出放入冷水中冷却备用
4、在锅内高火加热适量油,倒入葱姜蒜末炒香,之后加入猪肉翻炒至半熟,约需时2-3分钟
5、加入干辣椒,豆瓣酱炒匀
6、之后倒入豆腐和适量水
7、待汤汁煮滚之后,加入生抽,盐和糖搅拌均匀,再煮1-2分钟
8、最后加入芡汁,煮至汤汁变得浓稠,加入少量麻油调味,即成
一提起麻婆豆腐,大家耳熟能详,也是很多人的最爱(之前我的问答也打过怎么做麻婆豆腐)。
这道菜夏天吃生津止渴,健脾润燥,它是一道正宗的四川菜。因为这道菜非常接地气,而且色香味俱全。一道超级下饭菜 ,吃过这道菜以后让人欲罢不能,这菜俘虏了海内外诸多人的胃,在国际上也非常有名。有人把它用八个字概括出麻婆豆腐的特点“麻、辣、鲜、香、嫩、烫、活”等特点
麻婆豆腐入口嫩滑鲜香,要说正宗是几个方面有窍门 ,由原来的牛肉现在一些改成了猪肉,用油非常讲究一定用上好的花生油,油要大一些,豆腐的选材一定要选用嫩豆腐。很重要的就是高汤(前面答题介绍高汤详细做法),花椒要选用原产地大红袍花椒和其制作的豆瓣酱(郫县豆瓣酱),勾芡要两次体现“烫”的特点。
材料:
嫩豆腐300克切2厘米见方块备用
牛肉1两切碎末,蒜苗碎,蒜碎,姜切碎末,郫县豆瓣儿酱,豆豉切碎,红辣椒面,汉源的花椒面,红油,花椒油,香油,水淀粉,盐和鸡精适量
做法:
锅中烧热水,放入少许盐,将切好的豆腐放进锅里焯水。捞出控水备用
锅内放入油,花椒放入爆香,捞出花椒粒,放入蒜末炒香,放入豆瓣酱、豆豉,加入牛肉末翻炒,加辣椒粉、红油,放入少许糖,放入高汤,煮开以后加入豆腐,轻轻翻动,
不要把豆腐翻碎,勾一遍淀粉,这时改小火,然后在勾一遍水淀粉,加入青蒜和鸡精出锅,撒上花椒粉即可。
麻婆豆腐是四川的传统名菜之一,主要原料为豆腐,材料主要有豆腐、牛肉末、辣椒和花椒等。其口味独特,口感顺滑,受到国内吃货的一致好评。如今,麻婆豆腐已远渡重洋,在很多国家深受追捧,成为国际名菜。
那么,如此美味的麻婆豆腐,该如何制作呢?
用料
主材:嫩豆腐400克
辅材:豆瓣辣椒酱30克、姜片5克、蒜2个、老干妈豆豉一匙、葱粒10克、油50克、牛肉50克、干辣椒5克、花椒2克、花椒面少许、葱花5克、盐1匙、开水1000克。
做法
1、将豆腐切成2厘米见方的豆腐块,过水以去除豆腥味,后用清水浸泡。
2、将辅料准备好,如豆豉剁碎,蒜苗切段,姜切末等。
3、待炒锅烧热后,放入准备好的油,并将牛肉放入翻炒,等牛肉馅炒至金黄,放入豆瓣酱同炒。
4、等炒的差不多后,放入豆豉、姜末、辣椒粉同炒至牛肉上色。
5、将炒好的牛肉放入锅中,加少量水,再放入豆腐煮3分钟。
6、将准备好的辅料,如酱油、糖、葱、姜等材料放入锅中,稍煮片刻。
4、将豆腐盛出后,撒上花椒面即可。
介绍一下美食麻婆豆腐
麻婆豆腐(拼音:má pó dòu fu;英文:sauteed tofu in hot and spicy sauce),是四川地区传统名菜之一,属于川菜,为“中国菜”四川十大经典名菜。
麻婆豆腐始创于清朝同治元年(1862年),在成都万福桥边,有一家原名“陈兴盛饭铺”的店面。店主陈春富(陈森富)早殁,小饭店便由老板娘经营,女老板面上微麻,人称"陈麻婆"。陈氏对烹制豆腐有一套独特的烹饪技巧,烹制出的豆腐色香味俱全,不同凡响,深得人们喜爱。据传,同治元年(1862年),陈麻婆接待了一批又一批的码头工人、脚夫,店里的东西已经不多了。都快打烊的时候,又进来了一伙,要求老板做点又下饭,又热和又便宜的菜。陈麻婆看店里没什么菜,只剩下几盘豆腐,一点牛肉末,现去买菜肯定不行,已经太晚了。
陈麻婆急中生智,把豆瓣剁细,加上豆豉,放油锅里炒香。加点汤,放下切成两厘米见方的豆腐块,再配上其他调料,加入炸酥脆的牛肉末,勾芡收汁,起锅以后再来上一把花椒面辣椒面洒在豆腐上。
一盆色鲜味美,麻、辣、烫、囫、嫩、鲜的豆腐就上桌了。
这一伙人个个吃得鼻子冒汗,整了好几碗饭,吃得肚儿溜圆,口中大呼畅快。
后来那些苦哈哈的民众开始一传十,十传百,都晓得陈麻婆做的豆腐又好吃,又下饭,又省钱,来的人越来越多,结果,就成了陈家的招牌菜。
因为这种豆腐又麻又辣,老板娘又叫陈麻婆,结果这道豆腐菜就叫陈麻婆豆腐了。
麻婆豆腐的做法。
麻婆豆腐是四川省传统名菜之一,属于川菜。主要原料为配料和豆腐,材料主要有豆腐、牛肉末(也可以用猪肉)、辣椒和花椒等。麻来自花椒,辣来自辣椒,这道菜突出了川菜“麻辣”的特点。其口味独特,口感顺滑。
早期的麻婆豆腐用料是菜油和黄牛肉。烹饪手法是先在锅中将一大勺菜油煎熟,然后放一大把辣椒末,接着下牛肉,煮到干酥烂时再下豆豉。之后放入豆腐,稍微加水并铲几下调匀,最后盖上锅盖用小火将汤汁收干,起锅前再洒上花椒末。
二十世纪六十年代,制作麻婆豆腐时,油必用花生油,肉则不拘牛猪。肉炒熟后,加入豆瓣酱、豆豉、红椒粉、酱油、盐、糖,爆香后再加入豆腐片、高汤,滚煮后加入葱、姜、蒜,以水调太白粉勾芡,起锅前加花椒粉和麻油。作料与程序已有些变化,口味强调麻、辣、烫、咸。
典故传说
在清朝末期,成都万福桥码头旁边有一家小馆子,其老板娘温巧巧美丽白净,而其丈夫陈春富则因满脸麻子被街坊们称为陈麻子。因此,温巧巧被戏称为陈麻婆。该店以供应美味的豆腐而著名,因此人们将这道菜命名为“麻婆豆腐”。
同治元年(1862年),陈麻婆接待了一批又一批的码头工人、脚夫。店里的菜已经不多了,快打烊的时候,又来了一伙人要求点一道又下饭、又热和又便宜的菜。陈麻婆便用剩下的豆腐和牛肉末,以及豆瓣、豆豉等原料,烹制出了一道色鲜味美、麻辣烫口的豆腐。
这一伙人吃后赞不绝口,大呼畅快。后来,这道菜逐渐成为陈家的招牌菜,吸引了众多人前来品尝。因为这种豆腐又麻又辣,老板娘又叫陈麻婆,结果这道豆腐菜便被称为陈麻婆豆腐。
中国有许多特色小吃?怎么翻译成英文
麻婆豆腐是四川美食比较出名的一种,它主要是以麻辣以及嫩豆腐为主,这种食物是非常适合当做下饭菜的,如果喜欢吃辣的朋友,不妨可以尝试一下麻辣豆腐的味道。麻婆豆腐的制作是很简单的,我们需要准备葱白、生姜以及花椒等调料进行爆炒,然后加入豆瓣酱以及少量的水分,在将豆腐加入锅里面进行翻炒就可以了。
麻婆豆腐做法
一,葱白姜蒜切末,同时热油锅,用中大火把花椒粒炒香;加入切成末的葱白,姜,蒜,炒香;放入猪绞肉,炒至熟透,放入两汤匙豆瓣酱,翻搅均匀后,加入少许水;待锅内水滚后,加入板豆腐,盖上锅盖转成小火,闷煮约七分钟(中间不时翻搅让材料均匀);少许太白粉勾芡,再翻搅至汤汁稍稍收干,便可起锅;盛盘前放入少许葱末。
二,嫩豆腐切成小块,在热水中烫一下捞出备用;猪肉剁成肉馅,葱姜分别切成末备用;取一小碗,放入郫县豆瓣酱、花椒、料酒和生抽调匀;锅中放少量油,倒入猪肉馅炒变色后再放入葱姜末爆香;然后放入调好的郫县豆瓣酱翻炒出香味后加入清水,大火烧开;水开后放入豆腐,再次烧开后改中火慢炖;出锅前加盐调味,淋入水淀粉勾薄芡即可。
三,先将葱切末,姜切末,蒜头拍碎剥去外皮切末,豆腐切小丁备用;锅中烧热1大匙油,先爆香姜末和蒜末,再放入绞肉炒熟炒香,倒入豆瓣酱、适量的水和豆腐丁,以糖、盐、胡椒粉和酱油烧煮入味后,淋入太白粉水勾薄芡,再加入葱末、红油和辣椒粉,起锅前滴入麻油即可盛碗完成今天的这一道麻婆豆腐了。
四,豆腐切约一厘米见方的块,放碗里用沸水烫一下(不能下锅烫煮)后沥干水份,将豆瓣和酱油装一个碗里,蒜苗切碎,豆豉用刀压成茸或剁成细末,将淀粉、味精放一个碗里加水兑成芡汁;锅中放油烧至六成热,倒入肉末炒散炒熟后起锅装碗里待用;锅中放油烧到六成热,放豆瓣酱油、辣椒粉、豆豉炒红炒香;加半碗汤(水也可),烧沸后放豆腐、肉末烧三、四分钟;放蒜苗,烧半分钟后勾芡,放红油;起锅后撒上花椒粉即可上桌开吃。
烹饪的技巧
豆腐一般都会有一股卤水味。豆腐下锅前,如果先在开水中浸泡10多分钟,便可除去卤水味,这样做出的豆腐不但口感好,而且味美香甜。
对于麻婆豆腐这道菜来说,主要是因为豆腐不容易入味,而且表面光滑,如果不勾芡,里面没什么味道,外面也没沾上调料,味道就不足,勾芡后,汤汁就会变得黏稠,豆腐上就会裹上更多的滋味。
一般来说,在水位到豆腐的二分之一左右就差不多可以勾芡了,但具体效果还是要自己多实验。
营养价
介绍中国饮食文化好处的英文作文
一、以菜肴的主料和配料为主的菜名
1、辣子鸡丁,Sauté pork cubes with chili or hot pepper
2、榨菜肉丝,Shredded pork and hot pickled mustard greens
3、扁豆肉丝,Shredded pork and French beans
4、青椒肉丝,Shredded pork and green pepper
5、鸭翅膀,Duck wing tips
6、豌豆黄,Pea puree cake
7、馅饼,Pancake with meat fillings or meat-filled pancake
8、汤面,Noodles with soup or soup noodles
9、青豆鸡丁汤,Soup of chicken cubes with green peas wow gold
10、三鲜汤,Three–fresh soup或 soup of three delicacies
11、清汤鱼肚,Consommé(Clear soup) of fish maw
12、冬瓜汤,Consommé(Clear soup) of white gourd
13、西红柿鸡蛋汤,Tomato and egg soup
14、肉丝海带汤,Soup of shredded meat with kelps wow gold
15、素鸡汤,Clear chicken soup
16、白菜汤,Chinese cabbage soup
17、肉片汤,Sliced pork soup
18、榨菜肉丝汤,Soup with shredded pork and hot pickled mustard greens
19、丸子汤,Meat-ball soup
20、酸辣汤,Hot and sour soup
21、黄瓜鸡片汤,Soup of cucumber with chicken slices
22、豆汁,Fermented sour milk made from ground mung bean wow gold
23、冬菇猪蹄,Pig’s trotter with mushrooms
24、肉蓉青豆,Fried green peas with minced pork
25、咖喱牛肉片,Sliced beef in curry sauce
26、蚝油牛肉片,Sauté beef slices in oyster sauce
27、葱头牛肉丝,Shredded beef with onions
28、咖喱鸡,Chicken in curry sauce
29、桃仁鸡丁,Sauté chicken cubes with walnuts
30、南荠鸡片,Sauté chicken slices with water chestnuts
31、栗子鸡,Stewed chicken with chestnuts
32、茶叶蛋,Boiled eggs with tea-leafs
33、番茄大虾,Prawns with tomato sauce
34、茄汁虾球,Fried prawn balls with tomato sauce
35、蟹肉鱼肚,Stewed fish maw with crab meat wow gold
36、豆浆,Soya bean milk
37、豆腐乳(腐乳,酱豆腐),Fermented bean curd
38、豆腐,汉语拼音doufu, 或bean curd
39、冬菇菜心, Cabbage heart with mushrooms
40、冬菇油菜,Sauté rape with mushrooms
二 、以菜肴的主料和烹饪方法为主的菜名
1、叉烧肉,Grilled pork
2、回锅肉,Twiced-cooked pork slices in hot sauce 或 boiled and fried pork slices
3、炒杂碎,Chop suey,海外华人餐馆里一直这样用,已经被正式编入美国《韦伯斯特新世界大学词典》(Webster’s new world college dictionary)
4、清汤燕窝,Consommé of swallow nest
5、清汤银耳,Consommé of white fungus
6、清汤银耳鹌鹑蛋,Consommé of white fungus with quail eggs
7、清汤鲍鱼,Consommé of abalone
8、拔丝苹果,Crisp(rock) sugar-coated apple or toffee apple
9、拔丝香蕉,Crisp(rock) sugar-coated banana or toffee banana
10、炒面条,Fried noodles
11、烧饼,Baked cake in griddle
12、核桃酪,Walnut tea
13、杏仁豆腐,Almond curd, almond junket
14、银耳羹,Broth of white fungus
15、中国发糕(山西蒸馍),Steamed Chinese sponge cake
16、凉拌粉皮(丝),Cold sheet jelly (made of bean or potato starch) (vermicelli) with mustard and meat shreds
17、鸡油冬笋(扁豆),Sauté bamboo shoots (French beans)in chicken oil
18、油焖鲜蘑,Braised fresh mushrooms
19、鸡蛋炒韭菜,Sauté eggs with leek
20、茶叶蛋,Boiled eggs with tea-leafs
21、白斩鸡,Boiled -sliced cold chicken
22、芥末拌鸭掌,Cold duck webs mixed with mustard
23、冬笋炒肉丝,Sauté shredded pork with bamboo shoots
24、米粉蒸肉,Steamed pork with rice flour
25、炒里脊丝,Sauté pork fillet shreds
26、酱爆肉(鸡)丁,Sauté pork(chicken)cubes with soya paste
27、炒腰花,Sauté pork kidney
28、熘肝尖,Quick-fried liver
29、醋熘(辣)白菜, Starch-coated quick-fried Chinese cabbage with vinegar(hot pepper) wow gold
30、干炸丸子,Deep-fried meat balls
31、红烧肘子,Braised(or red stewed) pork leg(upper part of pork leg) in brown sauce,
32、软炸里脊,Soft-fried pork fillet
33、油熘里脊,Sauté fillet with white sauce
34、瓤冬瓜,Stuffed-steamed white gourd
35、红烧扣肉,Braised sliced pork in brown sauce
36、红烧羊肉,Braised mutton in brown sauce
37、葱爆羊肉,Stir-fried mutton slices with Chinese onion or green scallion
38、烤羊肉串,Mutton shashlik
39、炸鸡卷,Fried chicken rolls
40、糖炒栗子,北京特产,Roasted chestnuts in sugar-coated heated sand
41、红扒鸡(鸭),Braised chicken(duck) in brown sauce.
42、红烧全鸡,Stewed whole chicken in brown sauce
43、口蘑蒸鸡(鸭),Steamed chicken(duck) with truffle(fresh mushrooms)
44、清蒸全鸡(鸭),Steamed whole chicken(duck) in clear soup
45、清蒸鲤鱼,Steamed carp
46、砂锅鸡,Cooked chicken in casserole
47、炸鸭肝(胗),Deep-fried duck liver(gizzards)
48、红烧松鸡,Braised grouse in brown sauce
49、炒山鸡片, Sauté pheasant slices
50、北京烤鸭,已经被编入美国英语词典(Webster’s new world college dictionary),Roasted Beijing duck
51、干烧大虾,Fried prawns with hot brown sauce
52、干烧桂鱼,Fried mandarin fish with hot brown sauce
53、红烧大虾(鱼),Stewed prawns(fish) in brown sauce
54、红烧鱼翅,Braised shark’s fin in brown sauce
55、红烧鲍鱼,Stewed abalone with brown sauce
56、红烧海参,Stewed sea cucumber
57、蚝油鲍鱼,Braised abalone with oyster oil
58、鸡丝鱼翅,Stewed shark’s fin with chicken shreds
59、软炸大虾,Starch-coated soft-fried prawns
60、清炒虾仁,Sauté shrimp meat
61、糟熘鱼片,Fried fish slices with wine sauce
62、烧元鱼,Braised turtle meat
63、烧三鲜,sauté of three delicacies(Three freshes)
64、海参烧鱼肚,Sauté sea cucumber and fish maw
65、栗子烧白菜,Sauté Chinese cabbage with chestnuts
66、油酥火烧,Shortened -crisp cakes
67、西法大虾,就是软炸大虾,Starch-coated deep-fried prawns in French way
68、汽锅鸡 就是蒸鸡,Steamed chicken in casserole
69、烤乳猪,Roasted sucking pig or Roasted baby pig
三、以主料和味道为主
1、麻辣牛肉,Sauté beef with hot pepper and Chinese prickly ash
2、糖醋里脊,Fried pork fillet in sweet and sour sauce
3、糖醋鱼,Sweet and sour fish
4、麻辣豆腐,Sauté bean curd with hot pepper and Chinese prickly ash
5、怪味鸡,multi-flavored 或Fancy-flavoured chicken
6、五香花生米(鸡),Spiced peanuts(chicken)
7、酸菜(大白菜,中国特有蔬菜)Fermented sour or pickled Chinese cabbage
8、酸甜辣黄瓜条,Sweet-sour and chili cucumber slips
9、鱼香肉丝,Sauté shredded pork in hot sauce, or sauté of fish flavored shredded pork
10、香酥(琵琶)鸡腿,加味后,先蒸后炸。这个菜是中国驻外使领馆举行招待会时经常上的菜肴,往往在腿根部再加上一块红纸,以便客人用手拿着吃,很受欢迎。Spiced-steamed and deep-fried (pipa-shaped)crisp chicken legs(Pipa is a Chinese musical instrument)。美国人称琵琶鸡腿为“鼓槌鸡腿” Chicken drum stick
11、椒盐鱼,Deep-fried fish served with salt pepper
12、臭豆腐,Preserved smelly bean curd
四、半形象化的菜名
1、金钱鱼肚中的金钱是香菇,可译成Fish maw with mushrooms。
2、柿汁龙须菜中的龙须菜是芦笋,可以译为 sauté asparagus with tomato sauce
3、宫保鸡(肉)丁或花生仁鸡丁,Sauté chicken(pork) cubes with hot pepper and deep-fried crisp peanuts
4、宫保大虾,Sauté prawns with hot sauce
5、酱爆肉丁,Sauté pork cubelets with soya paste
6、木须肉,是肉片木耳炒鸡蛋,Sauté pork slices with eggs and fungus
7、春卷,汉语拼音,Chunjuan or spring rolls。这道菜深受外国人欢迎,在驻外使领馆举行的招待会上,几乎上多少,吃多少。
8、肉龙,就是蒸发面肉卷,Steamed rolls with meat inside or steamed meat-filled rolls
9、玉米、栗子面窝头,中国特有,用汉语拼音Wotou, steamed pagoda-shaped bread made of corn flour or chestnut flour, or steamed dome-shaped bread made of corn flour
10、什锦冷盘,Assorted cold dishes or assorted hor d’oeuvre
11、什锦火锅,Mixed meat hot-pot
12、海鲜火锅,Seafood hot-pot
13、松花蛋,中国特产,Preserved eggs,或limed eggs或 fossilized eggs
14、豆苗芙蓉汤,Consommeé of of egg- white with bean sprouts
15、古老肉,就是酸甜肉,是深受西方人喜爱的大众菜肴,也能登大雅之堂,Sweet and sour pork
16、栗子花篮,是用栗子面做成的花篮,很早被外国人译成“北京的尘土”,Peking(Beijing)dust。这个译名可能是从西餐的奶油栗子粉(Peking dust)演变而来的。
17、西瓜花篮,是把西瓜加工成花篮形状,里面放各种时鲜水果,Basket -shaped Water melon shaped like a basket filled with assorted fresh fruits
18、红烧狮子头,直译狮子的头,Lion’s head,是先炸后炖的大丸子,加注:Deep-fried red-stewed big meat balls like lion’s head
19、芙蓉鸡片,用鸡蛋和淀粉浸过的鸡片,经油炸或油煸之后,样子像芙蓉花,Fried egg-and starch coated chicken slices look like cottonrose hibiscus
20、黑白菜,东北著名菜肴,是黑木耳炒白菜,Sauté Chinese cabbage with black fungus
21、樟茶鸭,熏过的鸭子颜色类似樟、茶色,Smoked duck
22、蟹肉龙须菜,龙须菜是芦笋,Sauté crab meat and asparagus
23、麻婆豆腐,这是一个类似成语的大众菜肴,最好用汉语拼音,Mapo-doufu,再加注英文:Bean curd invented by a pockmarked woman(麻脸婆发明的豆腐) ,再解释:Sauté bean curd with minced pork in chili sauce(or hot pepper),在上菜时,再讲故事介绍
24、豆腐脑,Bean curd jelly served with sauce
25、豆花儿,Condensed bean curd jelly
26、腐竹,Rolls of dried bean milk creams
27、油饼,中国特有食品,汉语拼音,Youbing ,加注: Deep-fried round and flat dough-cake
28、油条,中国特有食品,汉语拼音,Youtiao ,加注:Deep-fried twisted long dough sticks
29、麻花,中国特产,汉语拼音,Mahua ,加注:Deep-fried twisted dough, two or three ,entangled together ,very short and crisp
30、叫花子鸡 可以直译为 Beggar’s chicken ,上菜时讲故事。
31、狗不理包子,中国特产,用汉语拼音,Goubuli baozi ,加注:Steamed buns filled with vegetables, meat or other ingredients, which, even in the hard days, dogs didn’t eat ,because it wan too oily 。
32、长寿面,可以直译为longevity noodles,long life noodles
33、珍珠丸子,不能直译为Pearl balls,会被误解成珍珠做成的圆球。应该译为清汤肉丸子,Meat balls in clear soup
34、琵琶大虾,这是一个很名贵的菜肴,是把大对虾从中间劈开,保留虾尾,加上配料用油炸,外形酷似琵琶。可译为Pipa shaped deep-fried prawns(Pipa is a Chinese musical instrument)
五、完全形象化的菜名
1、饺子,中国特产,用汉语拼音,Jiaozi, 加注dumplings,ravioli。近年来,由于中国与外界的联系日益扩大,出国的中国人,到中国来经商学习的外国人越来越多,作为中华文化载体的中餐必然会随之传播到世界各地。
2、蒸饺,中国特产,Steamed jiaozi or steamed dumplings,or ravioli
3、馄饨,云吞,中国特产,用汉语拼音Hutun,yuntu ,海外华人餐馆一直这样用,实际上已经被外国人了解。加注:Mini jiaozi served in soup
4、元宵,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Yuanxiao ,加注:Filled round balls made of glutinous rice -flour for Lantern Festival
5、汤圆,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Tangyuan,(filled balls made of glutinous rice flour and served with soup
6、八宝饭,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Babaofan ,加注: Rice pudding with eight-delicious ingredients
7、花卷,Steamed rolls
8、银丝卷,Steamed rolls(bread)look like silver threads
9、糖葫芦或冰糖葫芦,北京特产,用汉语拼音,Bingtanghulu 加注:Crisp-sugar coated fruit(haws, yam, crab apple ,etc )on a stick.
10、猫耳朵,山西特产,直译Cat ’s ears, 加注:Steamed cat-ear shaped bread
11、包子,中国特有,用汉语拼音,Baozi , 加注:Steamed buns with fillings of minced vegetables, meat or other ingredients
12、龙虎斗,就是蛇肉和猫肉,可以形象地翻译成Battle between dragon and tiger,加注:Stir-fried snake and cat’s meat
13、驴打滚,属于北京风味小吃,就是年糕卷沾黄豆面,如同驴在黄土地上打滚,非常形象生动,完全可以翻译成D rolling on dust- ground,再加注:Rolls made of glutinous rice flour coated with soybean flour,looks like d rolling on dust-ground.
14、大丰收,实际上是西餐中的什锦生菜沙拉,这个菜名很有创意。堪称中西结合的典范。但是,只有吃过的人才知道它是什么。可以用汉语拼音,Dafengshou ,Big harvest,再加注:Salad of assorted fresh vegetables
chinese food culture
Famous for its abundance and exquisite, Chinese food culture has occupied an important part in the nation's tradition cultures. China is of long history with a vast territory. Due to the diversity of the climate, products and customs, there are widely different food styles and taste in local regions. Through creation by past dynasties, the long standing cooking art has formed rich and colorful local dishes. Among them, "the eight major dishes" enjoys the upper reputation, which consists of Shangdong, Chekiang, Sichuan, Jiangshu, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian and Anhwei.
Shandong dishes are divided into two factions as Tsinan and Jiaodong dishes. They are good at clear dishes, pure but not greasy. Sichuan dishes have enjoyed the fame that every dish has its own characteristic and none two share the same taste. They are also famous for pocked, peppery and savor taste. Chengdu and Chongqing dishes are two mail branches.
Jiangsu dishes lay stress on the original taste with proper sweetness and salty. They consist of Yangzhou, Suzhou and Nanking branches. Chekiang dishes are both delicious and sweet smelling, both soft and slide, clean and not greasy. They consist of Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing branches. Guangdong dishes have Guangzhou, Chaozhou and Dongjiang three styles of dishes. They are good at choice seafood and pay more attention to the cooking skills. They act carefully at light food with tender and slide taste, from which they earn the praise of " It has a best taste in only in Guangzhou." Hunan dishes consist of Xiangjian, Dongting Lake and Xiangxi coteau three local dishes. Their tastes lay stress on thick, arid and peppery food, mostly using seasoning like hot peppery, shallot and capsicum. Minghou, Fuzhou Ximen and Quanzhou dishes are the representatives of Fujian dishes. They use choice seafood as the main material with elaborately cooks beautiful color and delicious taste of oil. They are good at frying, gliding, decocting and pay attention to the dishes' sweetness, salty, and the appearance. The most distinct features are their "pickled taste". Anhwui dishes pay more attention to the taste, color of dishes and the temperature to cook them. They are expert in cooking delicacies from mountains and sea. In addition to the eight major dishes, there are Beijing dishes, shanghai dishes, Hubei dishes, liangning dishes, Henan dishes which also enjoy great reputation. What's more, the steamed dishes and vegetable dishes have their own charms. Actually, Chinese dishes have earned world's fame. The Chinese eateries could be found everywhere throughout the world. Many foreigners regard having a Chinese meal as a high honor.
Customs on eating
Food between China and Western countries are totally different styles. China has 5000 years history. We probably spend half of time on food. Chinese people choice food very carefully. They only use fresh material to make food. For example they only eat fresh fish. Chinese have a lot of ideas and techniques for cooking. We can cook a chicken in over ten ways. That’s why Chinese food is so popular in the world. Western country like English or American, they don’t have fresh food because they buy their food from supermarket which only sells stored materials. Western people would also prefer fast food like burgers and chips. They are unhealthy to human body. Western people do not have many skills for cooking, mostly they only boil, steam and bake the food. By the way, western people are very good at making desert and chocolate. They can make very good cake and chocolate. They are very sweet but it’s sort of food which make you become fat quickly.
In china if you invite people for meal, the person who invited other people would pay for the meal but it’s not the way in Western country. In western country people will think you only invited me but it’s not your responsibility to pay for me. I can afford it. They won’t be happy if you pay for them. People in China would always put dishes into customer’s plate to show their hospitality, but they will think it’s not healthy because your chopsticks have been used by you. In western country like America not England, people will always give tips to waiter after they finished meal in a restaurant. If you don’t they will not be happy because tips are one of their major income. In china this only happen in some top restaurants and hotels in large international cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Western people will also think you are rude if you make sound during the meal. Western people do not hold their bowl up even when they have a bowl of soup.
There is also a huge difference between Chinese and Western people. Chinese people use chopsticks and western people use fork and knife. Usually people who use fork and knife will use fork to hold the meat and cut it by knife and use fork to help to get that piece of meat into mouse. Chinese just use chopstick to pick things and pass it into your mouse.
Chinese people only have three meals during a day. But western people will have more, they have afternoon tea. Usually they would have fruits, homemade cake, tea (black tea) or biscuit with cheese. If you are a housewife and have a lot of time, you may have morning tea as well.
Generally I think Chinese food is much better than Western food not because I am Chinese. I think most people will agree with me as well. You can see Chinese food in any where all over the world. That shows the success of Chinese food. Western food may improve after long time.
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