麻婆豆腐烹饪方法简短介绍英文-麻婆豆腐烹饪方法简短介绍英文版

chinese food culture

Famous for its abundance and exquisite, Chinese food culture has occupied an important part in the nation's tradition cultures. China is of long history with a vast territory. Due to the diversity of the climate, products and customs, there are widely different food styles and taste in local regions. Through creation by past dynasties, the long standing cooking art has formed rich and colorful local dishes. Among them, "the eight major dishes" enjoys the upper reputation, which consists of Shangdong, Chekiang, Sichuan, Jiangshu, Guangdong, Hunan, Fujian and Anhwei.

Shandong dishes are divided into two factions as Tsinan and Jiaodong dishes. They are good at clear dishes, pure but not greasy. Sichuan dishes have enjoyed the fame that every dish has its own characteristic and none two share the same taste. They are also famous for pocked, peppery and savor taste. Chengdu and Chongqing dishes are two mail branches.

Jiangsu dishes lay stress on the original taste with proper sweetness and salty. They consist of Yangzhou, Suzhou and Nanking branches. Chekiang dishes are both delicious and sweet smelling, both soft and slide, clean and not greasy. They consist of Hangzhou, Ningbo and Shaoxing branches. Guangdong dishes have Guangzhou, Chaozhou and Dongjiang three styles of dishes. They are good at choice seafood and pay more attention to the cooking skills. They act carefully at light food with tender and slide taste, from which they earn the praise of " It has a best taste in only in Guangzhou." Hunan dishes consist of Xiangjian, Dongting Lake and Xiangxi coteau three local dishes. Their tastes lay stress on thick, arid and peppery food, mostly using seasoning like hot peppery, shallot and capsicum. Minghou, Fuzhou Ximen and Quanzhou dishes are the representatives of Fujian dishes. They use choice seafood as the main material with elaborately cooks beautiful color and delicious taste of oil. They are good at frying, gliding, decocting and pay attention to the dishes' sweetness, salty, and the appearance. The most distinct features are their "pickled taste". Anhwui dishes pay more attention to the taste, color of dishes and the temperature to cook them. They are expert in cooking delicacies from mountains and sea. In addition to the eight major dishes, there are Beijing dishes, shanghai dishes, Hubei dishes, liangning dishes, Henan dishes which also enjoy great reputation. What's more, the steamed dishes and vegetable dishes have their own charms. Actually, Chinese dishes have earned world's fame. The Chinese eateries could be found everywhere throughout the world. Many foreigners regard having a Chinese meal as a high honor.

Customs on eating

Food between China and Western countries are totally different styles. China has 5000 years history. We probably spend half of time on food. Chinese people choice food very carefully. They only use fresh material to make food. For example they only eat fresh fish. Chinese have a lot of ideas and techniques for cooking. We can cook a chicken in over ten ways. That’s why Chinese food is so popular in the world. Western country like English or American, they don’t have fresh food because they buy their food from supermarket which only sells stored materials. Western people would also prefer fast food like burgers and chips. They are unhealthy to human body. Western people do not have many skills for cooking, mostly they only boil, steam and bake the food. By the way, western people are very good at making desert and chocolate. They can make very good cake and chocolate. They are very sweet but it’s sort of food which make you become fat quickly.

In china if you invite people for meal, the person who invited other people would pay for the meal but it’s not the way in Western country. In western country people will think you only invited me but it’s not your responsibility to pay for me. I can afford it. They won’t be happy if you pay for them. People in China would always put dishes into customer’s plate to show their hospitality, but they will think it’s not healthy because your chopsticks have been used by you. In western country like America not England, people will always give tips to waiter after they finished meal in a restaurant. If you don’t they will not be happy because tips are one of their major income. In china this only happen in some top restaurants and hotels in large international cities like Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Western people will also think you are rude if you make sound during the meal. Western people do not hold their bowl up even when they have a bowl of soup.

There is also a huge difference between Chinese and Western people. Chinese people use chopsticks and western people use fork and knife. Usually people who use fork and knife will use fork to hold the meat and cut it by knife and use fork to help to get that piece of meat into mouse. Chinese just use chopstick to pick things and pass it into your mouse.

Chinese people only have three meals during a day. But western people will have more, they have afternoon tea. Usually they would have fruits, homemade cake, tea (black tea) or biscuit with cheese. If you are a housewife and have a lot of time, you may have morning tea as well.

Generally I think Chinese food is much better than Western food not because I am Chinese. I think most people will agree with me as well. You can see Chinese food in any where all over the world. That shows the success of Chinese food. Western food may improve after long time.

麻婆豆腐是四川省传统名菜之一，属于川菜。主要原料为配料和豆腐，材料主要有豆腐、牛肉末（也可以用猪肉）、辣椒和花椒等。麻来自花椒，辣来自辣椒，这道菜突出了川菜“麻辣”的特点。其口味独特，口感顺滑。

早期的麻婆豆腐用料是菜油和黄牛肉。烹饪手法是先在锅中将一大勺菜油煎熟，然后放一大把辣椒末，接着下牛肉，煮到干酥烂时再下豆豉。之后放入豆腐，稍微加水并铲几下调匀，最后盖上锅盖用小火将汤汁收干，起锅前再洒上花椒末。

二十世纪六十年代，制作麻婆豆腐时，油必用花生油，肉则不拘牛猪。肉炒熟后，加入豆瓣酱、豆豉、红椒粉、酱油、盐、糖，爆香后再加入豆腐片、高汤，滚煮后加入葱、姜、蒜，以水调太白粉勾芡，起锅前加花椒粉和麻油。作料与程序已有些变化，口味强调麻、辣、烫、咸。

典故传说

在清朝末期，成都万福桥码头旁边有一家小馆子，其老板娘温巧巧美丽白净，而其丈夫陈春富则因满脸麻子被街坊们称为陈麻子。因此，温巧巧被戏称为陈麻婆。该店以供应美味的豆腐而著名，因此人们将这道菜命名为“麻婆豆腐”。

同治元年（1862年），陈麻婆接待了一批又一批的码头工人、脚夫。店里的菜已经不多了，快打烊的时候，又来了一伙人要求点一道又下饭、又热和又便宜的菜。陈麻婆便用剩下的豆腐和牛肉末，以及豆瓣、豆豉等原料，烹制出了一道色鲜味美、麻辣烫口的豆腐。

这一伙人吃后赞不绝口，大呼畅快。后来，这道菜逐渐成为陈家的招牌菜，吸引了众多人前来品尝。因为这种豆腐又麻又辣，老板娘又叫陈麻婆，结果这道豆腐菜便被称为陈麻婆豆腐。